Quantum entanglement in electron-nucleus collisions: Role of the linearly polarized gluon distribution

TL;DR

This paper investigates how linearly polarized gluons influence quantum entanglement in electron-nucleus collisions, revealing that polarization can enhance entanglement under specific momentum configurations.

Contribution

It introduces a calculation of the spin density matrix considering gluon saturation and polarization effects, linking gluon distributions to quantum entanglement measures.

Findings

Linearly polarized gluons can increase entanglement in heavy quark pairs.

Entanglement is enhanced when total and relative transverse momenta are orthogonal.

The study connects gluon polarization with quantum information properties in high-energy collisions.

Abstract

We calculate the spin density matrix of a back-to-back quark-antiquark pair inclusively produced in electron-nucleus scattering, taking into account the gluon saturation effect and the linearly polarized gluon distribution. We then investigate concurrence and stabilizer R\'enyi entropy, quantifying entanglement, Bell-nonlocality, and magic. We find that the linearly polarized gluon distribution tends to enhance the entanglement of a heavy quark pair when the total and relative transverse momenta of the pair are orthogonal.