Chiral Condensation and Chiral Phase Diagram under Combined Rotation and Chemical Potential in Holographic QCD

TL;DR

This paper explores how rotation and chemical potential influence inhomogeneous chiral condensation and the phase diagram in holographic QCD, revealing spatially dependent phase structures.

Contribution

It introduces a holographic model to analyze combined effects of rotation and chemical potential on chiral phases, highlighting spatial inhomogeneity and phase transition suppression.

Findings

Rotation induces spatial inhomogeneity in the chiral condensate.

Chemical potential suppresses the condensate uniformly.

Both rotation and chemical potential lower the critical temperature, with additive effects.

Abstract

We investigate the combined effects of rotation and finite quark chemical potential on inhomogeneous chiral condensation and the chiral phase diagram within the soft-wall holographic QCD model. Using the five-dimensional AdS-RN metric, we study the spatial profile of the chiral condensate and the resulting $T - \Omega$ phase diagram under Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions. Increasing $\Omega$ induces strong spatial inhomogeneity: the condensate is suppressed more strongly near the edge than at the center, and vanishes at the boundary when $\Omega$ exceeds a critical value. The chemical potential $\mu$ acts as a global suppression factor, reducing the condensate magnitude without altering the spatial pattern. The $T - \Omega$ phase diagrams are investigated for different chemical potentials .For the case $\mu$ = 0, they are also studied at different distances from the rotation axis. It is found that both $\Omega$ and $\mu$ lower the chiral phase transition temperature, and their suppression effects are additive. In a rotating system, the critical temperature becomes position-dependent, decreasing with increasing distance from the rotation axis. These findings reveal a rich, spatially dependent phase structure in rotating QCD matter, relevant for non-central heavy-ion collisions.