Are Independently Estimated View Uncertainties Comparable? Unified Routing for Trusted Multi-View Classification

TL;DR

This paper introduces TMUR, a multi-view learning method that uses a unified routing mechanism to improve the comparability of view uncertainties and enhance classification trustworthiness.

Contribution

It proposes a novel unified routing approach that decouples evidence extraction from fusion, addressing cross-view evidence scale issues in multi-view classification.

Findings

TMUR improves the calibration of view uncertainties.

Unified routing enhances multi-view classification accuracy.

Theoretical analysis supports the superiority of global routing over local arbitration.

Abstract

Trusted multi-view classification typically relies on a view-wise evidential fusion process: each view independently produces class evidence and uncertainty, and the final prediction is obtained by aggregating these independent opinions. While this design is modular and uncertainty-aware, it implicitly assumes that evidence from different views is numerically comparable. In practice, however, this assumption is fragile. Different views often differ in feature space, noise level, and semantic granularity, while independently trained branches are optimized only for prediction correctness, without any constraint enforcing cross-view consistency in evidence strength. As a result, the uncertainty used for fusion can be dominated by branch-specific scale bias rather than true sample-level reliability. To address this issue, we propose Trusted Multi-view learning with Unified Routing (TMUR), which decouples view-specific evidence extraction from fusion arbitration. TMUR uses view-private experts and one collaborative expert, and employs a unified router that observes the global multi-view context to generate sample-level expert weights. Soft load-balancing and diversity regularization further encourage balanced expert utilization and more discriminative expert specialization. We also provide theoretical analysis showing why independent evidential supervision does not identify a common cross-view evidence scale, and why unified global routing is preferable to branch-local arbitration when reliability is sample-dependent.