Analytical Modeling of Dispersive Closed-loop MC Channels with Pulsatile Flow

TL;DR

This paper develops an analytical model for dispersive closed-loop molecular communication channels with pulsatile flow, capturing the effects of pulsation on the channel's behavior inside the human body.

Contribution

It introduces a time-variant 1D channel model with an analytical impulse response for pulsatile flow, revealing the cyclostationary nature of the channel.

Findings

The channel impulse response follows a wrapped Normal distribution with time-variant parameters.

The model accurately predicts the influence of pulsation on molecular concentration profiles.

Simulation results validate the analytical model with excellent agreement.

Abstract

Molecular communication (MC) is a communication paradigm in which information is conveyed through the controlled release, propagation, and reception of molecules. Many envisioned healthcare applications of MC are expected to operate inside the human body. In this environment, the cardiovascular system ( CVS) acts as the physical channel, which forms a closed-loop network where particle transport is mainly governed by the combined effects of diffusion and flow. Despite the fact that physiological flows in many parts of the human body are inherently pulsatile due to the cardiac cycle, most existing models for dispersive closed-loop MC channels assume a constant flow velocity. In this paper, we present a time-variant one-dimensional (1D ) channel model for dispersive closed-loop MC systems with pulsatile flow. We derive an analytical expression for the channel impulse response (CIR ), which follows a wrapped Normal distribution with time-variant mean and variance. The obtained model reveals the cyclostationary nature of the channel and quantifies the influence of pulsation on the temporal concentration profile compared to steady-flow systems. Finally, the model is validated by three-dimensional ( 3D ) particle-based simulations (PBS s), showing excellent agreement and enabling an efficient analytical characterization of the channel.