VenusBench-Mobile: A Challenging and User-Centric Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents with Capability Diagnostics

TL;DR

VenusBench-Mobile is a new, challenging benchmark for mobile GUI agents that emphasizes real-world, user-centric tasks and detailed behavior analysis, exposing current agents' limitations in perception, memory, and robustness.

Contribution

It introduces a realistic, user-driven evaluation framework with capability diagnostics, revealing significant performance gaps and failure modes of existing mobile GUI agents.

Findings

State-of-the-art agents perform poorly on VenusBench-Mobile.

Failures are mainly due to perception and memory deficiencies.

Agents are highly brittle under environment variations.

Abstract

Existing online benchmarks for mobile GUI agents remain largely app-centric and task-homogeneous, failing to reflect the diversity and instability of real-world mobile usage. To this end, we introduce VenusBench-Mobile, a challenging online benchmark for evaluating general-purpose mobile GUI agents under realistic, user-centric conditions. VenusBench-Mobile builds two core evaluation pillars: defining what to evaluate via user-intent-driven task design that reflects real mobile usage, and how to evaluate through a capability-oriented annotation scheme for fine-grained agent behavior analysis. Extensive evaluation of state-of-the-art mobile GUI agents reveals large performance gaps relative to prior benchmarks, indicating that VenusBench-Mobile poses substantially more challenging and realistic tasks and that current agents remain far from reliable real-world deployment. Diagnostic analysis further shows that failures are dominated by deficiencies in perception and memory, which are largely obscured by coarse-grained evaluations. Moreover, even the strongest agents exhibit near-zero success under environment variations, highlighting their brittleness in realistic settings. Based on these insights, we believe VenusBench-Mobile provides an important stepping stone toward robust real-world deployment of mobile GUI agents. Code and data are available at https://github.com/inclusionAI/UI-Venus/tree/VenusBench-Mobile.