COSMO-Agent: Tool-Augmented Agent for Closed-loop Optimization,Simulation,and Modeling Orchestration

TL;DR

COSMO-Agent is a reinforcement learning framework that enables LLMs to automate and optimize the iterative CAD-CAE process in industrial design, improving feasibility and stability.

Contribution

It introduces a tool-augmented RL approach with a multi-constraint reward and an industry-aligned dataset for closed-loop design optimization.

Findings

COSMO-Agent improves LLMs' ability to satisfy design constraints.

The framework enhances feasibility, efficiency, and stability in CAD-CAE tasks.

Experimental results outperform larger models and existing methods.

Abstract

Iterative industrial design-simulation optimization is bottlenecked by the CAD-CAE semantic gap: translating simulation feedback into valid geometric edits under diverse, coupled constraints. To fill this gap, we propose COSMO-Agent (Closed-loop Optimization, Simulation, and Modeling Orchestration), a tool-augmented reinforcement learning (RL) framework that teaches LLMs to complete the closed-loop CAD-CAE process. Specifically, we cast CAD generation, CAE solving, result parsing, and geometry revision as an interactive RL environment, where an LLM learns to orchestrate external tools and revise parametric geometries until constraints are satisfied. To make this learning stable and industrially usable, we design a multi-constraint reward that jointly encourages feasibility, toolchain robustness, and structured output validity. In addition, we contribute an industry-aligned dataset that covers 25 component categories with executable CAD-CAE tasks to support realistic training and evaluation. Experiments show that COSMO-Agent training substantially improves small open-source LLMs for constraint-driven design, exceeding large open-source and strong closed-source models in feasibility, efficiency, and stability.