Distributed Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Smart Grid

TL;DR

This paper presents a privacy-preserving distributed control algorithm for multi-area smart grids that approximates centralized optimal control performance despite information sharing constraints.

Contribution

It introduces a novel distributed algorithm utilizing Riccati equations to achieve near-centralized optimal load frequency regulation while maintaining information privacy.

Findings

The proposed algorithm closely matches centralized control performance.

It outperforms traditional distributed control methods in simulation.

The method effectively handles external disturbances and measurement noise.

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the distributed load frequency control problem in a multi-area smart grid under external load disturbances and measurement noise. The novelty lies in that the information privacy is fully taken into account, that is, the internal structural parameters and operational states of each area are not shared with non-neighboring areas, which makes traditional distributed optimal control methods ineffective. The main contribution is to propose a distributed algorithm for the global optimal power regulation command under information privacy constraints via distributed approximation of the control Riccati equation, the estimation Riccati equation, and the state estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can approximate the performance of centralized optimal control, and the performance index under the proposed distributed controller is smaller than that under the commonly used distributed control.