PR-IQA: Partial-Reference Image Quality Assessment for Diffusion-Based Novel View Synthesis

TL;DR

PR-IQA introduces a novel partial-reference image quality assessment framework for diffusion-generated views, enabling effective supervision in 3D reconstruction without ground-truth images.

Contribution

It proposes a new quality assessment method that evaluates diffusion-generated views using reference images from different poses, improving 3D reconstruction quality.

Findings

PR-IQA outperforms existing IQA methods in accuracy.

It enables supervision of diffusion models without ground-truth images.

The approach improves 3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis results.

Abstract

Diffusion models are promising for sparse-view novel view synthesis (NVS), as they can generate pseudo-ground-truth views to aid 3D reconstruction pipelines like 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS). However, these synthesized images often contain photometric and geometric inconsistencies, and their direct use for supervision can impair reconstruction. To address this, we propose Partial-Reference Image Quality Assessment (PR-IQA), a framework that evaluates diffusion-generated views using reference images from different poses, eliminating the need for ground truth. PR-IQA first computes a geometrically consistent partial quality map in overlapping regions. It then performs quality completion to inpaint this partial map into a dense, full-image map. This completion is achieved via a cross-attention mechanism that incorporates reference-view context, ensuring cross-view consistency and enabling thorough quality assessment. When integrated into a diffusion-augmented 3DGS pipeline, PR-IQA restricts supervision to high-confidence regions identified by its quality maps. Experiments demonstrate that PR-IQA outperforms existing IQA methods, achieving full-reference-level accuracy without ground-truth supervision. Thus, our quality-aware 3DGS approach more effectively filters inconsistencies, producing superior 3D reconstructions and NVS results. The project page is available at https://kakaomacao.github.io/pr-iqa-project-page/.