Detection of Spin-Spatial-Coupling-Induced Dynamical Phase Transitions in Real Time

TL;DR

This paper presents a real-time detection method for dynamical phase transitions in spinor gases, utilizing energy and spinor phase dynamics, applicable to various complex, time-dependent quantum systems.

Contribution

It introduces a novel observable for rapid DPT identification and extends the detection technique to other complex, driven quantum systems.

Findings

Successfully detected DPTs in spinor gases in real time.

Identified a new observable for quick DPT detection during transient states.

Applicable to a broad class of driven quantum systems.

Abstract

We demonstrate the real-time detection of dynamical phase transitions (DPTs) in lattice-confined spinor gases subject to a priori unknown time-variant interactions, via the temporal behaviors of both the system energy and spinor phases extracted from the observed spin dynamics. Using this technique, we describe the observed nonequilibrium spin dynamics, governed by intricate spin-spatial couplings, across a range of conditions. This work also introduces an observable that can quickly identify DPTs at holding times when commonly-used order parameters still exhibit transient, nonuniversal behavior. Our approach can naturally extend to other complex systems subject to time-dependent parameters, such as Floquet systems under driven magnetic fields, driven interactions, or spin-flopping fields, with potential applications in the study of DPTs in nonintegrable models.