Quantum droplets in dipolar quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices

TL;DR

This paper investigates the stability and dynamics of quantum droplets in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates within optical lattices, revealing how interactions and lattice parameters influence droplet properties.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of how dipole-dipole interactions and optical lattice parameters affect the formation, stability, and oscillatory behavior of quantum droplets in dipolar BECs.

Findings

Effective potential for droplet width increases with dipole-dipole interaction.

Droplet width oscillates periodically with amplitude increasing with dipole strength.

In optical lattices, droplet width varies quasi-periodically and density oscillates spatially.

Abstract

We consider quantum droplets in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) embedded in optical lattices within the framework of Gross-Pitaevskii equations. In dipolar BECs, the long-range and anistropic dipole-dipole interaction provides an additional mechanism for self-binding. We analyze the linear stability as well dynamics of quantum droplets. We find effective potential for the width and show that the optimum width for formation of quantum droplet increases as the dipole-dipole interaction increases. We study dynamics of the stable droplets and see that its width oscillates periodically, and the amplitude of oscillation increases with the increase of dipole-dipole interaction. In presence of optical lattices, width of a stable droplet changes quasi-periodically while the density profile oscillating periodically in space. The frequency of oscillation are found to depend sensitively on the lattice parameters.