Channel Measurements and Modeling based on Composite Environmental Factor for Urban Street-Canyon Intersections

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new statistical channel model for urban street-canyon intersections at 5.8 GHz, incorporating environmental factors to improve V2X communication reliability in complex urban layouts.

Contribution

It proposes a composite environmental factor integrated into existing path-loss models, enhancing the accuracy of urban canyon channel simulations.

Findings

Model effectively characterizes urban street-canyon channels with different building conditions.

Incorporating environmental factors improves the accuracy of channel propagation predictions.

Model validated using second-order channel statistics.

Abstract

In urban environments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications require accurate wireless channel characterization. This requirement is particularly critical at street-canyon intersections, where building blockage and rich multipath propagation can severely degrade link reliability. Due to its unique environmental layout, the channel characteristics in urban canyon are influenced by building distribution. However, this feature has not been well captured in existing channel models. In this paper, we propose an environment-related statistical channel model based on 5.8~GHz channel measurements. We construct a composite environmental factor to characterize environmental differences in intersections. Then, the factor is incorporated into 3GPP path-loss model and further linked to small-scale channel parameters. Finally, accuracy of the proposed model is validated using second-order channel statistics. The results show that the proposed model can effectively characterize propagation properties of urban street-canyon intersection channels with different building conditions. The proposed model provides a physically interpretable and statistically effective framework for channel simulation and performance evaluation in urban vehicular scenarios.