Estimates of the Dynamic Characteristics of Binary Systems for Traversable Wormholes Search

TL;DR

This paper explores how observational data of binary systems involving traversable wormholes can reveal their presence, analyzing perturbations in star motion and radial velocities to distinguish wormholes from black holes.

Contribution

It introduces a model for binary systems with traversable wormholes and evaluates observational signatures to differentiate them from black hole systems.

Findings

Radial velocity perturbations are detectable within a few years at 1.5 km/s accuracy.

Spectral analysis methods reduce data collection time needed for detection.

Perturbations differ from those caused by black holes or triple systems.

Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of the possibilities of observational manifestations of traversable wormholes (WHs). The simplest binary system model consisting of a traversable WH candidate (black hole (BH), supermassive BH) and a companion star, whose motion is perturbed by a massive object (star) located on the other side of the wormhole throat, is considered. In the first case of supermassive BH as WH candidate the perturbing acceleration is analyzed and compared with a competing effect in the form of the stochastic influence of stars adjacent to the companion star. In the second case the features of the change in the radial velocity of the companion star in the model of a wide binary system with a WH are also analyzed in order to distinguish it from the following models: 1) a binary system with a BH, and 2) a triple system. For the observational accuracy in radial velocity expected in the near future, at the level of 1.5 km/s the radial velocity perturbations are detectable for all considered observation time spans. For a more realistic accuracy of 10 km/s, the spectral analysis methods become statistically significant after approximately 17 years of data accumulation. The application of spectral and non-parametric methods significantly decreases the required accumulation time compared to matched-filtering applied in isolation.