Demand response potential evaluation of a zero carbon hydrogen metallurgy system considering shaft furnace's flexibility

TL;DR

This paper develops a framework to evaluate the demand response potential of a zero-carbon hydrogen metallurgy system, highlighting its cost savings and operational flexibility benefits.

Contribution

It introduces a novel modeling and evaluation method for assessing demand response potential in zero-carbon hydrogen metallurgy systems considering shaft furnace flexibility.

Findings

DR-based ZCHMS reduces operating costs by 6.6%.

The shaft furnace model achieves a 4.48% RMS error.

Demand response enhances power-ironmaking synergy.

Abstract

The increasing penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources and the retirement of thermal units have widened the power system flexibility gap. Industrial demand response (DR) driven by real-time pricing is widely regarded as a viable solution. In this paper, we propose a framework to quantify the DR potential of a zero-carbon hydrogen metallurgy system (ZCHMS) considering shaft furnace's flexibility. First, we model the shaft furnace as a constrained flexible load and validate the model via simulation, achieving a root mean square error of 4.48\% of the rated load. Second, we formulate a DR potential evaluation method that determines baseline and DR-based production scheduling schemes by minimizing operating cost subject to production orders. Finally, the numerical results show that compared with the baseline, DR-based ZCHMS reduces operating cost by 6.6\%, incentivizing demand-side management in ironmaking and strengthening power-ironmaking synergies.