Generation of dipolar supersolids through a barrier sweep in droplet lattices

TL;DR

This paper introduces a protocol to create supersolids in dipolar quantum gases by sweeping a Gaussian barrier through droplet arrays, demonstrating phase coherence and superfluidity.

Contribution

It presents a novel dynamical method to generate supersolids in dipolar gases using barrier sweeps, with detailed analysis of superfluid properties.

Findings

Persistent superfluid background forms during barrier sweep.

Crystals oscillate in unison indicating phase coherence.

Superfluid fraction depends on barrier velocity and height.

Abstract

We propose a dynamical protocol to generate supersolids in dipolar quantum gases by sweeping a repulsive Gaussian barrier through an incoherent quasi-one-dimensional droplet array. Supersolidity is inferred by monitoring the ensuing dynamics of the density, momentum distribution, center-of-mass motion, and superfluid fraction within the framework of the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation with quantum corrections. A persistent superfluid background arises, atop which the crystals oscillate in unison, indicating the establishment of phase coherence. This process is accompanied by energy redistribution and the gradual transfer of higher-lying momenta toward the zero momentum mode. The dependence of the superfluid fraction on the barrier velocity and height is also elucidated evincing the parametric regions which facilitate the rise of a superfluid background. Our results pave the way for engineering supersolid generation using experimentally accessible protocols.