An Accurate and Fast Start-up Scheme for Power System Real-time Emergency Control

TL;DR

This paper introduces a rapid and accurate start-up scheme for power system emergency control, utilizing an instability index, machine identification, and a two-layer SMIB framework to enhance response speed and reliability.

Contribution

It proposes a novel start-up scheme with three key technologies that improve accuracy, speed, and robustness for real-time power system emergency control.

Findings

The scheme accurately identifies transient instability.

It quickly restores system stability after disturbances.

The method is robust to measurement errors.

Abstract

With the development of PMUs in power systems, the response-based real-time emergency control becomes a promising way to prevent power outages when power systems are subjected to large disturbances. The first step in the emergency control is to start up accurately and fast when needed. To this end, this paper proposes a well-qualified start-up scheme for the power system real-time emergency control. Three key technologies are proposed to ensure the effectiveness of the scheme. They are an instability index, a Critical Machines (CMs) identification algorithm and a two-layer Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) equivalence framework. The concave-convex area based instability index shows good accuracy and high reliability, which is used to identify the transient instability of the system. The CMs identification algorithm can track the changes of CMs and form the proper SMIB system at each moment. The new two-layer SMIB equivalence framework, compared with conventional ones, can significantly reduce the communication burden and improve the computation efficiency. The simulations in two test power systems show that the scheme can identify the transient instability accurately and fast to restore the system to stability after the emergency control. Besides, the proposed method is robust to measurement errors, which enhances its practicality.