Oscillons in the broken vacuum and global vortex annihilation

TL;DR

This paper investigates vortex-antivortex collisions in complex  theory, revealing a long-lived oscillon in the broken vacuum influenced by a distant vacuum modification, contrasting with  model behavior.

Contribution

It uncovers the existence of a stable oscillon in the  theory's broken vacuum, linked to a far-distance potential modification, which is a novel finding.

Findings

Oscillon persists despite no mass gap in the broken vacuum.

Resonant structure observed in vortex-antivortex collisions.

Oscillon stability related to distant vacuum effects.

Abstract

In contrast to the complex $\phi^4$ model, vortex-antivortex collisions in the complex $\phi^6$ theory reveal a resonant structure due to the existence of a remarkably stable, long-lived, large amplitude oscillon in the broken vacuum. Surprisingly, it persists despite the absence of a mass gap associated with the flat direction in the broken vacuum. We demonstrate that its existence is related to a far-distance modification of the potential, namely, the appearance of an unbroken (false or true) vacuum.