A Framework for Exploring Social Interactions in Multiagent Decision-Making for Two-Queue Systems

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel multiagent decision-making framework for queueing systems that incorporates nonlinear opinion dynamics and social influence to better model collective behavior.

Contribution

It introduces a new queueing model with internal opinion states driven by nonlinear dynamics, capturing social interactions and their impact on decision-making.

Findings

The model guarantees convergence to Nash equilibrium under certain conditions.

Simulations show social interactions significantly influence queue choices.

Access to system information affects collective behavior patterns.

Abstract

We introduce a new framework for multiagent decision-making in queueing systems that leverages the agility and robustness of nonlinear opinion dynamics to break indecision during queue selection and to capture the influence of social interactions on collective behavior. Queueing models are central to understanding multiagent behavior in service settings. Many prior models assume that each agent's decision-making process is optimization-based and governed by rational responses to changes in the queueing system. Instead, we introduce an internal opinion state, driven by nonlinear opinion dynamics, that represents the evolving strength of the agent's preference between two available queues. The opinion state is influenced by social interactions, which can modify purely rational responses. We propose a new subclass of queueing models in which each agent's behavioral decisions (e.g., joining or switching queues) are determined by this evolving opinion state. We prove a sufficient parameter condition that guarantees the Markov chain describing the evolving opinion and queueing system states reaches the Nash equilibrium of an underlying congestion game in finite expected time. We then explore the richness of the new framework through numerical simulations that illustrate the role of social interactions and an individual's access to system information in shaping collective behavior.