AutoSiMP: Autonomous Topology Optimization from Natural Language via LLM-Driven Problem Configuration and Adaptive Solver Control

TL;DR

AutoSiMP is an autonomous system that converts natural language structural problems into validated topologies using LLMs, automated solvers, and a feedback loop, enabling end-to-end design without manual intervention.

Contribution

It introduces the first fully automated pipeline from natural language problem description to validated structural topology, integrating LLM-based configuration and adaptive solver control.

Findings

Configurator achieves 100% valid specifications across diverse problems.

LLM controller has the lowest median compliance among tested controllers.

End-to-end system passes all quality checks on first attempt without retries.

Abstract

We present AutoSiMP, an autonomous pipeline that transforms a natural-language structural problem description into a validated, binary topology without manual configuration. The pipeline comprises five modules: (1) an LLM-based configurator that parses a plain-English prompt into a validated specification of geometry, supports, loads, passive regions, and mesh parameters; (2) a boundary-condition generator producing solver-ready DOF arrays, force vectors, and passive-element masks; (3) a three-field SIMP solver with Heaviside projection and pluggable continuation control; (4) an eight-check structural evaluator (connectivity, compliance, grayness, volume fraction, convergence, plus three informational quality metrics); and (5) a closed-loop retry mechanism. We evaluate on three axes. Configuration accuracy: across 10 diverse problems the configurator produces valid specifications on all cases with a median compliance penalty of $+0.3\%$ versus expert ground truth. Controller comparison: on 17 benchmarks with six controllers sharing an identical sharpening tail, the LLM controller achieves the lowest median compliance but $76.5\%$ pass rate, while the deterministic schedule achieves $100\%$ pass rate at only $+1.5\%$ higher compliance. End-to-end reliability: with the schedule controller, all LLM-configured problems pass every quality check on the first attempt $-$ no retries needed. Among the systems surveyed in this work (Table 1), AutoSiMP is the first to close the full loop from natural-language problem description to validated structural topology. The complete codebase, all specifications, and an interactive web demo will be released upon journal acceptance.