Dissolution of a two-component drop onto macrophase due to surface tension effect

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the dissolution process of a two-component drop influenced by surface tension, identifying three stages and proposing an improved dissolution rate equation applicable across various compositions.

Contribution

It extends previous models of Ostwald ripening stabilization to include a detailed analysis of two-component drop dissolution and introduces a comprehensive rate equation.

Findings

Three dissolution stages identified: pre-lock-in, lock-in, late lock-in.

Dissolution kinetics follow the classical cubic law if initial concentration exceeds a threshold.

An improved, universal dissolution rate equation is proposed.

Abstract

Additives of sparingly soluble components are known to slow down or completely inhibit Ostwald ripening in dispersed systems. In this paper series, our earlier model of the stabilization against Ostwald ripening is revisited and extended over the whole range of compositions, molar volumes of components, and their activity coefficients. In the first paper, a simpler problem, the dissolution of a two-component drop under the action of excess Laplace pressure inside is analyzed. Three stages of dissolution are identified. In the first stage, called pre-lock-in, the concentration of the poorly soluble component undergoes a quick increase, and the system enters the lock-in state, in which the Laplace pressure effect on the chemical potential of the more soluble component is nearly completely counterbalanced by the Raoult effect. After this, the dissolution kinetics slows down and enters a steady state. In the process, the concentration of the sparingly soluble component continues to increase, first slowly and then more rapidly in the very end of the particle lifetime; this latter stage is called the 'late lock-in'. Despite all those variations, if the initial concentration of the poorly soluble component is above a certain threshold, the dissolution kinetics nearly follows the classical cubic law. An improved equation for the rate of dissolution is proposed that covers the whole formulation range and represents an extension over our previous formula.