Distinguishing apparent and hidden altermagnetism via uniaxial strain in $\mathrm{CsV_2Te_2O}$-family

TL;DR

This study proposes using uniaxial strain to distinguish apparent and hidden altermagnetism in $ ext{CsV}_2Te_2O$ by observing net magnetic moments, verified through first-principles calculations, and extends understanding of the piezomagnetic effect.

Contribution

The paper introduces a method to differentiate apparent and hidden altermagnetism via uniaxial strain, supported by first-principles calculations and applicable to synthesizable materials.

Findings

Uniaxial strain induces a net magnetic moment in apparent altermagnetism but not in hidden altermagnetism.

First-principles calculations show a larger strain-induced magnetic moment in $ ext{CsV}_2Te_2O$ than in altermagnetic semiconductors.

The approach provides an experimentally feasible way to identify different altermagnetic states in specific materials.

Abstract

The hidden altermagnetism has been theoretically proposed and then experimentally confirmed in metal $\mathrm{Cs_{1-\delta}V_2Te_2O}$, which exhibits two nearly degenerate ground-state magnetic configurations (C-type and G-type) corresponding respectively to apparent and hidden altermagnetism. Here, we propose that in-plane uniaxial strain can be utilized to distinguish apparent and hidden altermagnetism. Under uniaxial strain, apparent altermagnetism exhibits an obvious net magnetic moment, whereas hidden altermagnetism maintains zero net magnetic moment. The magnetic moment induced by uniaxial strain here, namely the piezomagnetic effect, differs from that in semiconductors, where strain must be applied first followed by carrier doping to generate net magnetism. First-principles calculations verify our proposal, revealing that the magnetic moment induced by uniaxial strain in C-type antiferromagnetic $\mathrm{CsV_2Te_2O}$ is much larger than that in the previously studied altermagnetic semiconductors. Furthermore, we also investigate the electronic state transitions of semiconductors featuring a crystal structure analogous to $\mathrm{CsV_2Te_2O}$ under uniaxial strain, and verify our proposal in specific material via first-principles calculations. Our work provides an experimentally feasible strategy to distinguish apparent and hidden altermagnetism in material $\mathrm{Cs_{1-\delta}V_2Te_2O}$, and extends the physical implication of the piezomagnetic effect, which can be directly verified in experimentally synthesizable $\mathrm{KV_2Se_2O}$ and $\mathrm{Rb_{1-\delta}V_2Te_2O}$.