Dynamic analysis enhances issue resolution

TL;DR

DAIRA enhances automated code defect repair by integrating dynamic analysis, enabling precise fault localization, reducing token usage, and improving resolution rates on complex defects.

Contribution

Introduces DAIRA, a novel framework embedding dynamic analysis into LLM-based repair agents for improved accuracy and efficiency.

Findings

Achieves 79.4% resolution rate on benchmark tasks.

Resolves 44.4% of deep logical defects.

Reduces inference costs by 10% and token usage by 25%.

Abstract

Resolving complex code defects from natural language descriptions remains a fundamental software engineering challenge. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have driven the creation of agent-based automated repair systems. While improving repository-level problem-solving, current methods struggle with complex defects like intricate polymorphic control flows and implicit type degradation. These approaches rely on static analysis and shallow execution feedback, lacking the ability to monitor intermediate execution states. Consequently, agents often fall into speculative exploration, consuming significant tokens without identifying the root cause. We introduce DAIRA (Dynamic Analysis-enhanced Issue Resolution Agent), a pioneering automated repair framework deeply embedding dynamic analysis into the agent's decision loop. DAIRA employs a Test Tracing-Driven workflow, using lightweight tools to capture runtime evidence (e.g., call stacks and variable states) and convert it into structured semantic reports. By illuminating execution paths and causal dependencies, DAIRA enables precise fault localization and prevents context window flooding from irrelevant code retrievals. This shifts the agent's approach from speculative reasoning to deterministic inference. Evaluations on the SWE-bench Verified benchmark show DAIRA achieves a state-of-the-art 79.4% resolution rate when powered by Gemini 3 Flash Preview. Furthermore, it demonstrates robustness in addressing deep-seated logical defects, securing a 44.4% resolution rate on the most demanding tasks. Compared to baselines, DAIRA uniquely resolves complex edge cases and improves operational efficiency. Across various LLMs, it reduces inference costs by approximately 10% and input token consumption by 25%.