Production of $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ hyperons in high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

TL;DR

This study measures hyperon yields in high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV, revealing that strange-hadron production correlates strongly with multiplicity, and compares these results with advanced theoretical models.

Contribution

First measurement of $\\Xi$ and $\Omega$ hyperons at the highest multiplicities in pp collisions at 13 TeV, extending understanding of strangeness production in small systems.

Findings

Hyperon yields increase with multiplicity, consistent with lower-energy trends.

High-multiplicity pp collisions show similar strange-hadron production as p-Pb and peripheral Pb-Pb.

Models with string interactions and collective effects better describe the data.

Abstract

This paper presents the first measurements of $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ hyperon yields at the highest multiplicities reached in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. This measurement exploits the high-multiplicity pp collisions collected by ALICE with dedicated triggers. The selected collisions are characterised by about 30 charged particles per unit of rapidity, over four times more than in minimum-bias pp collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy, and about twice as many as in minimum-bias p-Pb or very peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at similar energies. The production yields and average transverse momenta of the hyperons agree with trends indicated by previous measurements in pp collisions at lower multiplicities. The difference in average transverse momenta between pp and p-Pb collisions, observed with the new high-multiplicity pp data, provides additional insight into the underlying particle production mechanisms in small systems. The results support a strong correlation between multi-strange hadron production and final-state multiplicity regardless of the collision system at the LHC energies, extending this observation to the highest multiplicity reached in pp collisions. The comparison with several state-of-the-art models (Pythia8.2 with the Monash 2013 tune, Pythia8.2 with Ropes, and EPOS4) suggests that the description of strange-hadron production is improved by recently introduced features such as interactions between overlapping strings in Pythia8.2 with Ropes and the collective expansion of high-density string regions in EPOS4.