Probing Coherent Many-Body Spin Dynamics in a Molecular Tweezer Array Quantum Simulator

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the use of polar molecules in optical tweezer arrays to simulate and study coherent many-body spin dynamics, including quantum walks and magnon interactions, establishing a new platform for quantum simulation.

Contribution

It introduces a method to realize and probe complex spin models using molecular tweezer arrays with Floquet engineering, advancing quantum simulation capabilities.

Findings

Observation of quantum walks of spin excitations

Detection of magnon bound states

Coherent magnon pair creation and annihilation

Abstract

Models of interacting quantum spins are used in many areas of physics ranging from the study of magnetism and strongly correlated materials to quantum sensing. In this work, we study coherent many-body dynamics of interacting spin models realized using polar molecules trapped in rearrangeable optical tweezer arrays. Specifically, we encode quantum spins in long-lived rotational states and use the electric dipolar interaction between molecules, together with Floquet Hamiltonian engineering, to realize $1/r^3$ XXZ and XYZ models. We microscopically probe several types of coherent dynamics in these models, including quantum walks of single spin excitations, the emergence of magnon bound states, and coherent creation and annihilation of magnon pairs. Our results establish molecular tweezer arrays as a new quantum simulation platform for interacting quantum spin models.