Fairness-Aware Beamforming for Polarimetric ISAC Systems with Polarization-Reconfigurable Antennas
Weijie Xiong, Jingran Lin, Di Jiang, Cunhua Pan, Hongli Liu, Kai Zhong, and Qiang Li

TL;DR
This paper proposes a fairness-aware beamforming approach for polarimetric ISAC systems using polarization-reconfigurable antennas, achieving comparable performance to dual-polarized systems with fewer RF chains.
Contribution
It introduces an optimization framework and an EP-PRMGD algorithm for joint beamforming and polarization control, reducing hardware costs while maintaining fairness.
Findings
Achieves similar performance to dual-polarized systems
Reduces RF chain requirements by half
Validates effectiveness through numerical simulations
Abstract
Polarization diversity offers significant flexibility for enhancing integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). However, conventional dual-polarized arrays typically require dedicated radio-frequency (RF) chains for each polarization branch, leading to prohibitive hardware costs. To address this, polarization-reconfigurable (PR) antennas have emerged as a cost-effective alternative, enabling polarization flexibility with reduced hardware complexity by driving two polarization branches with a single RF chain. In this paper, we investigate fairness-aware beamforming for ISAC systems equipped with PR antennas. Specifically, we jointly optimize the transmit beamforming and PR control coefficients to maximize the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for communication users and the minimum signal-to-clutter-plus-noise ratio (SCNR) for sensing targets. The resulting problem…
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Taxonomy
TopicsRadar Systems and Signal Processing · Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques · Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
