A Dayem Loop Qubit Based on Interfering Superconducting Nanowires

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel superconducting qubit design using a Dayem loop with two nanowires, leveraging quantum interference and the Little-Parks effect to restore cubic nonlinearity essential for qubit operation.

Contribution

It demonstrates that two nanowires in a Dayem loop can restore cubic nonlinearity through quantum interference, enabling a new type of superconducting qubit.

Findings

Quantum interference restores cubic nonlinearity in nanowire-based qubits.

The proposed design exhibits oscillator behavior due to the Little-Parks effect.

A phenomenological model for higher-order CPRs at low temperatures is developed.

Abstract

We propose a qubit design based on two parallel superconducting nanowires (i.e., a "Dayem loop qubit"). The inclusion of two nanowires instead of one leads to the Little-Parks effect, which provides an oscillator behavior for the qubit frequency as well as anharmonicity. Our key result is that even if the nanowires have an increasingly linear CPR at low supercurrents, the quantum interference between two condensates, induced by a magnetic field, leads to a restoration of cubic nonlinearity, which is predicted to be sufficient to create a functional transmon qubit based on thin superconducting wires. We consider both generic (cubic) current-phase relationships (CPR) as well as more realistic microscopic CPR, having higher-order nonlinearities. For higher-order CPRs, we propose a simple power-law phenomenological approximation valid at very low temperatures, at which superconducting qubits normally operate.