The Chandrasekhar's Conditions as Equilibrium and Stability of Stars in a Universal Three-Parameter Non-Maxwell Distribution

TL;DR

This paper generalizes Chandrasekhar's conditions for star stability using a new universal three-parameter non-Maxwell distribution, revealing that non-Maxwellian gases typically have lower maximum radiation pressures than Maxwellian gases.

Contribution

It introduces a novel three-parameter non-Maxwell distribution to extend Chandrasekhar's stability conditions for stars, providing new insights into stellar equilibrium.

Findings

Non-Maxwellian distribution reduces maximum radiation pressures.

Generalization of Chandrasekhar's conditions beyond Maxwellian assumptions.

Numerical analysis supports the impact of non-Maxwellian distributions on stellar stability.

Abstract

The idea of the Chandrasekhar's conditions as equilibrium and stability of stars is revisited with a new universal three-parameter non-Maxwell distribution. We derive the maximum radiation pressures in the non-Maxwell distribution for a gas star and a centrally-condensed star, respectively, and thus we generalize the Chandrasekhar's conditions in a Maxwellian sense. By numerical analyses, we find that the non-Maxwellian distribution usually reduces the maximum radiation pressures in both a gas star and a central condensed star as compared with that cases if the gas is assumed to be a Maxwellian distribution.