Higher order perturbative and nonperturbative QCD corrections on the proton structure functions and parity violating electron asymmetry

TL;DR

This paper analyzes higher order perturbative and nonperturbative QCD corrections on proton structure functions and their effects on parity violating electron asymmetry, providing numerical results relevant for future collider experiments.

Contribution

It presents a comprehensive calculation including NNLO perturbative corrections and nonperturbative effects like TMC and HT on structure functions and asymmetries.

Findings

NNLO corrections significantly affect structure functions.

Nonperturbative effects like TMC and HT are crucial at certain kinematic regions.

Results are applicable for future EIC and EicC experiments.

Abstract

We study the nonperturbative and higher order perturbative corrections on the electromagnetic ($F_{1p,2p}^\gamma$) and electromagnetic-weak interference ($F_{1p,2p,3p}^{\gamma Z}$) structure functions and their impact on the parity violating electron asymmetry in the deep inelastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electron off an unpolarized proton target. The numerical results for them are presented by including the perturbative corrections beyond the leading order (LO) up to the next-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) and nonperturbative QCD corrections due to the target mass corrections (TMC) and the higher twist (HT: twist-4) effects. We also present the numerical results for the electron beam spin asymmetry $A_{PV}^{(e)}(x,Q^2)$ corresponding to the JLab energies of 6 GeV, 12 GeV and 22 GeV and discuss the feasibility of determining the $d/u$ quark distribution ratio. The results obtained in this work may be useful for the analysis of future measurements at the Electron Ion Collider(EIC) in USA, and the Electron ion collider in China(EicC) aimed at studying parity violating effects in the deep inelastic scattering of polarized electrons from unpolarized proton targets.