Fine Structure and Decays of Hidden-Strangeness Tetraquarks in the Dynamical Diquark Model

TL;DR

This paper investigates the structure and decay patterns of hidden-strangeness tetraquarks using a dynamical diquark model, identifying potential candidates among known resonances and predicting new states to guide future experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed Hamiltonian-based analysis of hidden-strangeness tetraquarks, correlating experimental resonances with theoretical models and predicting additional states for experimental verification.

Findings

Identification of known resonances as tetraquark candidates

Predictions of 28 tetraquark states including exotic quantum numbers

Decay channels that are experimentally accessible and testable

Abstract

We analyze the fine structure and ``fall-apart'' decay patterns of hidden-strangeness tetraquarks within the dynamical diquark model. Several well-established negative-parity resonances listed by the Particle Data Group (PDG) [$\phi(2170)$, $\eta(2225)$, $\eta(2370)$] are examined as potential $q\bar q s\bar s$ tetraquark candidates using a Hamiltonian that incorporates (iso)spin-dependent, spin--orbit, and tensor interactions. We further show that the isovector resonances $\rho(2150)$ and $\rho_3(2250)$ observed by BESIII in $\psi(2S)\rightarrow K^{+}K^{-}\eta$ are compatible with a tetraquark assignment. Predictions for 28 states, including those with exotic quantum numbers, are also presented. Comparison of the model spectrum with the PDG's unverified ``Further States'' highlights additional promising candidates worth future experimental investigation. The predicted fall-apart decay channels are easily reconstructed by experiment, and may stimulate ongoing searches for hidden-strangeness tetraquarks at GlueX and BESIII.