Millimeter Wave Readout of a Superconducting Qubit

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates millimeter wave technology for superconducting qubit readout, achieving high fidelity measurements without quantum limited amplifiers by leveraging large detuning to suppress unwanted transitions.

Contribution

It introduces a millimeter wave cQED system with large detuning that enables high-fidelity qubit readout without quantum limited amplifiers, a novel approach in quantum measurement.

Findings

Achieved >99% measurement fidelity.

Suppressed unwanted state transitions up to 1,000 drive photons.

Successfully read out qubit with over 100 photons without amplifiers.

Abstract

Millimeter waves are emerging as an enabling technology for connecting and enhancing different quantum platforms such as Rydberg atoms, optomechanics, and superconducting qubits. In this work, we focus on the interaction between millimeter wave photons and conventional transmon qubits, specifically for qubit readout. We study a circuit quantum electrodynamic (cQED) system consisting of a millimeter-wave cavity at $\omega_r = 2\pi \times 34.7$ GHz and a transmon qubit at $\omega_q = 2\pi \times 3.1$ GHz coupled at rate $g = 2\pi \times 1.3$ GHz. With such a large detuning between cavity and qubit, $\omega_r/\omega_q > 10$, we are able to suppress drive induced unwanted state transitions, enabling strong drives for qubit readout. We measure no resonant state transitions up to $1,000$ drive photons and readout the qubit state with more than $100$ photons to achieve a measurement fidelity greater than 99% without the aid of a quantum limited amplifier.