Cylindrical Mechanical Projector for Omnidirectional Fringe Projection Profilometry

TL;DR

This paper introduces a cylindrical mechanical projector system for 360-degree 3D scanning that overcomes traditional limitations of digital fringe projection, achieving high accuracy with a single camera for omnidirectional reconstruction.

Contribution

It presents a novel cylindrical projector design with multi-frequency fringe projection, multi-wavelength unwrapping, and quasi-calibration for reliable omnidirectional 3D sensing.

Findings

Achieved an expanded measurement uncertainty of 0.215 mm.

Demonstrated high repeatability and reproducibility in 3D measurements.

Validated the system's practical feasibility for omnidirectional 3D reconstruction.

Abstract

The demand for 360-degree 3D reconstruction has significantly increased in recent years across various domains such as the metaverse and 3D telecommunication. Accordingly, the importance of precise and wide-area 3D sensing technology has become emphasized. While the digital fringe projection method has been widely used due to its high accuracy and implementation flexibility, it suffers from fundamental limitations such as unidirectional projection and a restricted available light spectrum. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel 3D reconstruction method based on a cylindrical mechanical projector. The proposed method consists of a rotational stage and a cylindrical pattern generator with ON/OFF slots at two distinct intervals, enabling omnidirectional projection of multi-frequency phase-shifted fringe patterns. By applying a multi-wavelength unwrapping algorithm and a quasi-calibration technique, the system achieves high-accuracy 3D reconstruction using only a single camera. Experimental results, supported by repeatability and reproducibility analyses together with a measurement uncertainty evaluation, confirm reliable measurement performance and practical feasibility for omnidirectional 3D reconstruction. The expanded uncertainty of the reconstructed depth was evaluated as 0.215 mm.