Sinkhorn-Drifting Generative Models

TL;DR

This paper links Sinkhorn divergence with drifting generative dynamics, providing a theoretical foundation that improves stability and quality in generative modeling, especially at low temperatures.

Contribution

It establishes a theoretical connection between Sinkhorn divergence and drifting dynamics, resolving an identifiability gap and enhancing generative model stability.

Findings

Sinkhorn drifting reduces sensitivity to kernel temperature.

It improves one-step generative quality and stability.

On FFHQ-ALAE, it significantly lowers FID and EMD scores.

Abstract

We establish a theoretical link between the recently proposed "drifting" generative dynamics and gradient flows induced by the Sinkhorn divergence. In a particle discretization, the drift field admits a cross-minus-self decomposition: an attractive term toward the target distribution and a repulsive/self-correction term toward the current model, both expressed via one-sided normalized Gibbs kernels. We show that Sinkhorn divergence yields an analogous cross-minus-self structure, but with each term defined by entropic optimal-transport couplings obtained through two-sided Sinkhorn scaling (i.e., enforcing both marginals). This provides a precise sense in which drifting acts as a surrogate for a Sinkhorn-divergence gradient flow, interpolating between one-sided normalization and full two-sided Sinkhorn scaling. Crucially, this connection resolves an identifiability gap in prior drifting formulations: leveraging the definiteness of the Sinkhorn divergence, we show that zero drift (equilibrium of the dynamics) implies that the model and target measures match. Experiments show that Sinkhorn drifting reduces sensitivity to kernel temperature and improves one-step generative quality, trading off additional training time for a more stable optimization, without altering the inference procedure used by drift methods. These theoretical gains translate to strong low-temperature improvements in practice: on FFHQ-ALAE at the lowest temperature setting we evaluate, Sinkhorn drifting reduces mean FID from 187.7 to 37.1 and mean latent EMD from 453.3 to 144.4, while on MNIST it preserves full class coverage across the temperature sweep. Project page: https://mint-vu.github.io/SinkhornDrifting/