Ferromagnetic resonance modes in trilayer artificial spin ices subject to interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

TL;DR

This study numerically explores how interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction influences ferromagnetic resonance modes and non-reciprocity in trilayer artificial spin ices, revealing complex edge mode behaviors and long-range state effects.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed numerical analysis of DMI effects on resonance modes in trilayer artificial spin ices, highlighting the impact on non-reciprocity and edge mode formation.

Findings

DMI induces non-reciprocity in spin wave propagation.

Frequency splitting leads to additional edge modes.

DMI sign and external field influence mode interference.

Abstract

Artificial spin ices are metamaterials that can host several ferromagnetic resonances as well as spin waves. As the field advances towards the creation of three-dimensional geometries, a trilayer square artificial spin ice has been already found to exhibit many interesting properties. Here, we numerically investigate a strongly-coupled trialyer square artificial spin ice under the effect of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). This interaction affords non-reciprocity to waves, leading to changes in the standing wave modes established in confined geometries. We find that the interplay between the non-reciprocity, an applied field, and the stray field within the artificial spin ice results in frequency split additional edge modes. The edge modes are favored by the DMI sign and exhibit destructive and constructive interference depending on both the DMI magnitude and the external magnetic field. Our results demonstrate the non-reciprocity in small nanoislands can affect the long-range states stabilized in the artificial spin ice due to the strong coupling between layers.