Nucleating an Inflationary Universe: Euclidean Wormholes and their No-Boundary Limit

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that Euclidean wormholes and no-boundary instantons are interconnected solutions that can serve as initial conditions for inflation, with implications for the universe's origin and inflationary dynamics.

Contribution

It reveals the connection between wormholes and no-boundary instantons as part of a unified family of Euclidean solutions, resolving the negative action puzzle and analyzing their inflationary implications.

Findings

Wormholes and instantons are part of a common Euclidean solution family.

Small-charge wormholes lead to longer inflationary phases.

No-boundary instantons dominate the probability distribution.

Abstract

No-boundary instantons and Euclidean "wineglass" wormholes have both been proposed as providing suitable initial conditions for the current expanding phase of our universe, and in particular for providing conditions that are favorable to an inflationary phase. These finite action solutions have generally been regarded as unrelated, and enacting different scenarios - in one case the creation of spacetime from nothing, and in the other up-tunneling from a Euclidean Anti-de Sitter vacuum. By studying explicit solutions of both axionic and magnetic wineglass wormholes, we find that in the zero-charge limit the throat of the wormholes pinches off, leaving a no-boundary instanton that disconnects from the asymptotic Anti-de Sitter region. Thus wormholes and no-boundary instantons are part of a common family of Euclidean solutions. Along the way, we resolve the long-known puzzle that the action of wineglass wormholes can become negative. Moreover, small-charge wormholes lead to a longer inflationary phase than large-charge solutions, while no-boundary instantons dominate the probability distribution overall.