Gravitational waveforms and accretion characteristics in a quantum-corrected black hole without Cauchy horizons

TL;DR

This study explores how quantum corrections to black holes affect particle orbits, gravitational wave signals, and accretion disk radiation, revealing observable deviations from classical black hole models.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of the dynamical and radiative properties of a quantum-corrected black hole without Cauchy horizons, highlighting potential observational signatures.

Findings

Quantum parameter causes outward shift of stable orbits.

Quantum corrections lead to phase shifts in gravitational waves.

Accretion disk radiation is suppressed by quantum effects.

Abstract

The use of physical phenomena in the strong-field regime has become a primarily methodology for probing quantum-corrected gravity. This paper investigates periodic orbits, gravitational waves, and accretion disk radiation for a quantum-corrected black hole without Cauchy horizons. First, by analyzing the trajectory equations of massive particles in the equatorial plane, we study the influence of the quantum parameter $\zeta$ on the stability of circular orbits. The results show that an increase in $\zeta$ leads to an outward migration of both the innermost stable circular orbit and the marginally bound orbit, accompanied by an increase in the required specific angular momentum for particle motion on these two orbits. Then, we further investigate the periodic orbit characteristics of particles and compute the associated gravitational waveforms for extreme mass-ratio inspirals. It is demonstrated that quantum corrections induce a cumulative phase shift in the gravitational wave signal, leading to significant dephasing compared to the classical Schwarzschild case. Furthermore, based on the Novikov-Thorne thin accretion disk model, we evaluate the radiation characteristics of the accretion disk around this quantum-corrected black hole. The results indicate that the introduction of the quantum parameter suppresses the radiant energy flux, effective temperature, and overall radiative efficiency of the disk. These distinctive dynamical and radiative deviations provide potential phenomenological support for distinguishing quantum-corrected geometries from classical black holes using multiple observational means in the future.