Spin-resolved microscopy of $^{87}$Sr SU($N$) Fermi-Hubbard systems

TL;DR

This paper reports the development of a spin-resolved quantum-gas microscope for fermionic $^{87}$Sr, enabling detailed exploration of SU(N) Hubbard models and magnetic correlations at the single-atom level.

Contribution

It introduces a novel microscopy technique for $^{87}$Sr that allows spin-resolved detection of all 10 spin states, advancing the study of SU(N) quantum systems.

Findings

Successful imaging of $^{87}$Sr with spin resolution

Observation of single-particle Larmor precession across 10 spin states

Establishment of a new tool for probing SU(N) magnetism

Abstract

Quantum-gas microscopes provide direct access to the phases of the Hubbard model, bringing microscopic insight into the complex competition between interactions, SU(2) magnetism, and doping. Alkaline-earth(-like) fermions extend this spin-1/2 paradigm by realizing higher symmetries and giving access to SU(N) Hubbard models, with rich phase diagrams to be unveiled. Despite its fundamental interest, a microscopic exploration of SU(N) quantum systems has remained elusive. Here we report the realization of a quantum-gas microscope for fermionic $^{87}$Sr. Our imaging scheme, based on cooling and fluorescence on the narrow intercombination line at 689 nm, enables spin-resolved single-atom detection. By implementing a spin-selective optical pumping protocol, we determine the occupation of each of the 10 spin states in a single experimental realization, a crucial capability for probing site-resolved magnetic correlations. We benchmark our method by observing single-particle Larmor precession across the full spin-9/2 ground-state manifold. These results establish $^{87}$Sr quantum-gas microscopy as a powerful approach to study exotic magnetism in the SU(N) Fermi-Hubbard model, and provide a new detection tool for studies in quantum simulation, computation, and metrology.