Observational Constraints on the Structure-Induced Dark Energy Model

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel structure-induced dark energy model linked to large-scale structure formation, analyzed within General Relativity, and constrained by recent observational data, offering an alternative to traditional dark energy models.

Contribution

It proposes a new phenomenological dark energy model with a unique equation of state tied to structure growth, and provides observational constraints using cosmic chronometers and DESI data.

Findings

The model fits observational data well as an evolving dark energy candidate.

It addresses the coincidence and fine-tuning problems in cosmology.

The model offers a flexible framework for cosmic tensions.

Abstract

A new phenomenological dark energy model, originally associated to the large-scale structure formation and considered as a solution to the fine-tuning and coincidence problems related to the cosmological constant, was analyzed within the framework of General Relativity in a Friedman-Robertson-Walker spacetime and its model parameters were estimated using cosmic chronometers and recent DESI data. It turns out that the proposed model can serve as an alternative evolving dark energy model with a novel equation of state function, apart from other popular propositions in the literature. Due to the form of this phenomenological energy density ansatz, which starts to rise with the nonlinear structure growth in the universe and falls with the domination of cosmic voids, we prefer to call it structure-induced dark energy. Observational constraints show that it is not only a suitable solution for the fundamental problems such as coincidence or fine-tuning problems, it gives flexibility, when considering the cosmic tensions and presents a new perspective on the evolving dark energy models.