Resilient Chaotic Cross-Layer Routing for Smart Grid IoT Networks

TL;DR

This paper introduces DAMCR, a novel cross-layer routing protocol for smart grid IoT networks that combines chaotic spectrum hopping, adaptive power control, and message prioritization to enhance security, reliability, and energy efficiency.

Contribution

The paper proposes DAMCR, integrating chaotic frequency-hopping, adaptive power control, and priority-aware messaging for resilient IoT communication in smart grids.

Findings

Packet Delivery Ratio exceeds 95% in simulations

End-to-end latency maintained between 17-23 ms

Significant improvement over static-routing protocols

Abstract

This paper presents the Distributed Adaptive Multi-Radio Cross-Layer Routing (DAMCR) protocol, designed to enhance reliability, adaptability, and energy efficiency in smart grid and industrial Internet of Things (IoT) communication networks. DAMCR integrates Chaotic Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (C-FHSS) to improve physical-layer security and jamming resilience with Link-Adaptive Quality Power Control (LAQPC) to dynamically regulate transmission power based on instantaneous link quality and residual node energy. To meet heterogeneous traffic requirements, the protocol incorporates priority-aware message classification that differentiates between periodic monitoring data and time-critical fault and protection messages. The proposed framework is implemented and evaluated in MATLAB using a heterogeneous network composed of LoRa, Wi-Fi, and dual-radio nodes operating under AWGN, Rayleigh, and Rician fading environments. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that DAMCR consistently achieves a Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) exceeding 95% across all evaluated scenarios, while maintaining end-to-end latency between 17 and 23 ms, even in the presence of controlled jamming attacks. These results confirm that the tight integration of chaos-based spectrum agility, cross-technology routing, and energy-aware cross-layer adaptation significantly improves communication reliability, latency stability, and resilience compared to conventional single-radio and static-routing protocols.