Phase transitions in the charged compact abelian lattice Higgs model

TL;DR

This paper investigates phase transitions in the charged compact abelian lattice Higgs model, demonstrating that specific observables can distinguish multiple phases, especially for charge k=2, revealing the model's complex phase structure.

Contribution

The study introduces the use of charged Wilson loops and Marcu--Fredenhagen ratios as order parameters to identify multiple phases in the lattice Higgs model with charge k=2.

Findings

Multiple phase transitions identified in the model.

Wilson loop and Marcu--Fredenhagen ratio distinguish phases.

Three distinct phases for charge k=2.

Abstract

We consider the (compact) abelian lattice Higgs model with charge \( k \geq 1 \) and show, using charged Wilson~loop observables and charged versions of the Marcu--Fredenhagen ratio, that this model exhibits several distinct phase transitions. In particular, we show that if \(k = 2\), then the Marcu--Fredenhagen ratio and Wilson~loop observables together can distinguish among three distinct phases of the parameter space, and hence both can be used as order parameters for the model.