SN 2024abvb: a Type Ibn/Icn supernova with evidence of helium and an extreme offset from its host galaxy

TL;DR

SN 2024abvb is a peculiar Type Ibn/Icn supernova with an unusual large offset from its host galaxy, showing distinct photometric and spectroscopic features that suggest an ultra-stripped binary progenitor rather than a massive star.

Contribution

This study presents detailed observations of a unique supernova with an unprecedented offset, proposing an ultra-stripped binary progenitor as the origin, expanding understanding of supernova diversity and progenitor scenarios.

Findings

Distinct photometric and spectroscopic evolution from typical Type Ibn/Icn supernovae

Evidence supporting an ultra-stripped supernova progenitor

Large offset from host galaxy indicating a binary origin

Abstract

We present spectroscopic and photometric observations and analysis of SN 2024abvb, a peculiar transitional Type Ibn/Icn supernova located at an unusually large projected distance from its host galaxy (21.5 kpc). SN 2024abvb displays an extended rise time in the $g$- and $o$-bands (10.1 and 10.6 days respectively), followed by a linear decline in all photometric bands. Comparisons with other supernova subclasses show that the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2024abvb are distinct from Type~Ibn and Type Icn events, with a higher peak $r$-band luminosity and lower blackbody temperatures. Spectra reveal an initial blue continuum and narrow P-Cygni profiles, with C {\sc ii} $\lambda$5890 dominating in emission, persisting at late phases, and showing a rapid decline in the expansion velocity. Weak He {\sc i} $\lambda$5876 features are tentatively detected at early times. Analysis of progenitor scenarios rules out thermonuclear origins based on incompatible light curve shapes and spectral signatures. A rare massive star progenitor appears unlikely given the low local star formation rate. The most plausible origin is an ultra-stripped supernova scenario involving a binary system; this best explains the observed separation from the host, the low circumstellar material mass, the fast photometric evolution and the low nickel production, although a discrepancy in model versus observed ejecta mass remains. These results reinforce the classification of SN 2024abvb as a distinctive Type Ibn/Icn event and highlight the diversity of progenitor channels for interacting supernovae.