A Low Cost Picoseconds Precision Timing and Synchronization Over A Hundred Kilometer

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a low-cost, high-precision timing system using the CERN White Rabbit protocol that achieves picosecond synchronization over 100 kilometers, suitable for large-scale accelerator applications.

Contribution

It introduces an enhanced White Rabbit-based system capable of picosecond synchronization over long distances without environmental corrections.

Findings

Achieves picosecond synchronization over 100 km

System exhibits drifts of only a few picoseconds

Operates without environmental correction mechanisms

Abstract

Large-scale systems, such as very large accelerators used for fundamental research, require the implementation of precise timing and synchronization systems over distances of several tens of kilometers. A very high precision has been demonstrated by the use of costly and complex clock distribution systems. However, many devices, such as accelerator diagnostics or large-scale detectors, only require picosecond precision. An approach exploiting the CERN White Rabbit protocol, deployed and enhanced on an electronic system capable of generating arbitrary frequencies with Hertz precision, is proposed here. Results of performance tests for the synchronization of a laser system, typically employed as a diagnostic for electron/positron beam polarimetry in accelerators, are provided in this Paper. We demonstrate that without implementing corrections for environmental changes, as temperature drifts, the system can synchronize a pulsed laser with picoseconds precision over a hundred kilometers, exhibiting drifts of a few picoseconds. This work paves the way for a low-cost implementation of picosecond synchronization of accelerator components and large-scale detectors.