As Content and Layout Co-Evolve: TangibleSite for Scaffolding Blind People's Webpage Design through Multimodal Interaction
Jiasheng Li, Zining Zhang, Zeyu Yan, Matthew Wong, Arnav Mittal, Ge Gao, Huaishu Peng

TL;DR
This paper explores how blind web designers co-evolve content and layout, introducing TangibleSite, a multimodal tool that supports independent webpage design through tangible, auditory, and speech interactions.
Contribution
It presents TangibleSite, a novel accessible web design tool that facilitates content and layout co-evolution for blind users, based on co-design insights and multimodal feedback mechanisms.
Findings
TangibleSite enables independent webpage creation for blind users.
The tool supports iterative refinement of content and layout.
Participants experienced reduced barriers to achieving visually consistent designs.
Abstract
Creating webpages requires generating content and arranging layout while iteratively refining both to achieve a coherent design, a process that can be challenging for blind individuals. To understand how blind designers navigate this process, we conducted two rounds of co-design sessions with blind participants, using design probes to elicit their strategies and support needs. Our findings reveal a preference for content and layout to co-evolve, but this process requires external support through cues that situate local elements within the broader page structure as well as multimodal interactions. Building on these insights, we developed TangibleSite, an accessible web design tool that provides real-time multimodal feedback through tangible, auditory, and speech-based interactions. TangibleSite enables blind individuals to create, edit, and reposition webpage elements while integrating…
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Taxonomy
TopicsTactile and Sensory Interactions · Digital Accessibility for Disabilities · Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
