Semantic Conflict Model for Collaborative Data Structures
Georgii Semenov, Vitaly Aksenov

TL;DR
This paper presents a semantic conflict model for collaborative data structures that enables explicit, local conflict resolution without central coordination, improving transparency and flexibility in distributed collaboration.
Contribution
It introduces a novel conflict model based on semantic dependencies, allowing explicit conflict resolution through rebasing and three-way merging in replicated journals.
Findings
Demonstrated explicit conflict resolution on collaborative registers.
Formulated a Last-Writer-Wins Register with semantic conflict handling.
Supported semi-automatic reconciliation in multi-register entities.
Abstract
Digital collaboration systems support asynchronous work over replicated data, where conflicts arise when concurrent operations cannot be unambiguously integrated into a shared history. While Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) ensure convergence through built-in conflict resolution, this resolution is typically implicit and opaque to users, whereas existing reconciliation techniques often rely on centralized coordination. This paper introduces a conflict model for collaborative data structures that enables explicit, local-first conflict resolution without central coordination. The model identifies conflicts using semantic dependencies between operations and resolves them by rebasing conflicting operations onto a reconciling operation via a three-way merge over a replicated journal. We demonstrate our approach on collaborative registers, including an explicit formulation of the…
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