Schwarzian Theory and Cosmological Constant Problem

TL;DR

This paper explores the cosmological constant problem through a quantum-gravitational model using Schwarzian theory, deriving the dark energy density and equation of state from ensemble averages of time-reparametrization modes.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach linking Schwarzian theory and ensemble averaging to explain the cosmological constant's origin.

Findings

Derived the phenomenological dark energy density.

Obtained the equation of state for dark energy.

Provided a quantum-gravitational explanation for the cosmological constant.

Abstract

Observational data in cosmology indicate a small, positive, and nonvanishing cosmological constant that dominates the energy budget of the present universe. The origin of the cosmological constant from a quantum perspective remains unresolved, with a discrepancy of approximately 120 orders of magnitude between its observed value and theoretical estimates. Motivated by earlier work of Gibbons, we analyze the cosmological constant problem within a quantum-gravitational framework based on Schwarzian theory and its ensemble averaging. We then derive the phenomenological value of the dark energy density and obtain the corresponding equation of state. In this model, the cosmological constant arises from the ensemble average of time-reparametrization modes.