Atmospheric Neutrino Charged-Current Interactions at Large Liquid-Scintillator Detectors: I. Physics of Neutrino-Antineutrino Discrimination

TL;DR

This paper systematically analyzes how large liquid scintillator detectors can distinguish between neutrino and antineutrino interactions using event characteristics, aiding future atmospheric neutrino oscillation research.

Contribution

It provides a detailed study of event features and discrimination methods for neutrino-antineutrino identification in large liquid scintillator detectors.

Findings

Distinct distributions of inelasticity and neutron multiplicity differentiate neutrinos from antineutrinos.

Quantitative assessment of discrimination performance demonstrates potential for neutrino mass ordering studies.

Lays groundwork for future atmospheric neutrino oscillation experiments using liquid scintillators.

Abstract

In this work, we present a systematic study of the event characteristics and physics of neutrino-antineutrino discrimination associated with atmospheric neutrino charged-current interactions in large liquid scintillator detectors. This study encompasses the primary neutrino interactions, the sequential second interactions of final-state particles, and the final neutron captures. We carefully investigate the properties of final-state charged leptons and hadrons, providing distinct distributions of inelasticity and captured neutron multiplicity for both neutrino and antineutrino interactions. These distributions are employed to assess the quantitative performance of neutrino-antineutrino discrimination. Our findings lay the groundwork for atmospheric neutrino oscillation studies in large liquid scintillator detectors, particularly in the determination of neutrino mass ordering.