Dominant One-Loop Seesaw Contribution Induced by Non-Invertible Fusion Algebra

TL;DR

This paper introduces non-invertible selection rules that naturally suppress tree-level neutrino mass contributions, enabling dominant one-loop seesaw mechanisms and stabilizing dark matter within a unified framework.

Contribution

It demonstrates how non-invertible fusion algebra enforces loop dominance and dark matter stability, providing a novel approach to radiative neutrino mass models.

Findings

Non-invertible selection rules suppress tree-level contributions.

The T4-2-i topology realized via Z7 Tambara--Yamagami fusion algebra.

Unified explanation for neutrino mass and dark matter stability.

Abstract

The topological classification of the one-loop Weinberg operator at dimension-5 enables a systematic categorization of radiative neutrino mass models. Among these, the category consisting loop-extended seesaw frameworks is theoretically appealing but conventional discrete or continuous symmetries (\emph{e.g.}, $U(1)$ or $\mathbb{Z}_M$) cannot genuinely forbid the corresponding tree-level contributions, making loop dominance difficult to realize. We show that \textit{non-invertible selection rules} (NISRs) naturally enforce the absence of tree-level terms while ensuring a dominant one-loop contribution. Intriguingly, the same non-invertible structure also stabilizes the dark matter candidate, providing a unified radiative origin of neutrino mass and dark sector stability. In particular, we focus on the T4-2-$i$ topology which embodies a type-II one-loop seesaw and demonstrate its natural realization from $Z_{7}$ Tambara--Yamagami (TY) fusion algebra.