Dirac mode localization in QCD near the crossover temperature

TL;DR

This paper investigates how low-lying Dirac eigenmodes in QCD become localized near the crossover temperature, revealing a temperature range where localization appears, closely matching the QCD transition point.

Contribution

It provides the first lattice QCD evidence of the temperature at which low Dirac modes localize, linking localization to the QCD crossover transition.

Findings

Localized low modes appear at T_loc between 155 and 158 MeV

T_loc aligns with the pseudocritical crossover temperature

Localized modes are absent at lower temperatures

Abstract

We study the localization properties of the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes in QCD near the crossover temperature, using staggered fermions on the lattice. We find that localized low modes, absent at low temperature, appear at a temperature $T_{\mathrm{loc}}$ in the range $155\,\mathrm{MeV}\le T_{\mathrm{loc}}\le 158\,\mathrm{MeV}$, in excellent agreement with the pseudocritical crossover temperature as determined from the chiral condensate and from the light-quark susceptibility.