The formation of inhomogeneities in gravitational string like mode

TL;DR

This paper explores how inhomogeneities and string-like topological defects form in an extended Abelian-Higgs model within a cosmological inflationary context, emphasizing the role of dark sector fields and magnetic flux quantization.

Contribution

It introduces a scale-invariant extension of the Standard Model with dark scalar and vector fields, explaining the formation of string-like topological defects during inflation.

Findings

Formation of inhomogeneities linked to topological line defects.

Strings can contain magnetic flux quantized by dark vector field mass.

Model provides a mechanism for cosmological compact object formation.

Abstract

The investigation of the inhomogeneities in modern inflationary Universe scenarios is related, in particular, with the study of the role played by scalar fields in cosmological evolution. We present the model described by one of the extensions of the Abelian-Higgs theory, where the scale-invariant approach to the Standard Model (SM) is achieved by introducing the complex scalar fields and the vector fields in the hidden (dark) sector, where the latter and the SM are minimally coupled to gravity. The formation of the cosmological compact objects intuitively is explained in terms of the topological line defects - the string like tubes. The strings can get an energetically preferable configuration corresponding to the magnetic flux quantum inside an area defined by the mass of dark vector field.