General Theory of Stable Microwave-Optical Quantum Resources in Hybrid-System Dynamics

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical framework for analyzing stable microwave-optical quantum resources in hybrid quantum systems, revealing that unsteady dynamics can enhance quantum entanglement and steering beyond steady-state limits.

Contribution

It introduces a general theory for stable MO quantum resources, including analytical solutions and control methods, applicable to various hybrid systems.

Findings

Stable MO quantum resources can persist in unsteady evolution.

Unsteady dynamics can surpass steady-state quantum resource limits.

Quantum resources are controllable via coupling strength modulation.

Abstract

We develop a general theoretical framework for characterizing stable quantum resources between microwave and optical modes in the dynamics of multipartite hybrid quantum systems with intermediary modes. The effective Hamiltonian for microwave-optical (MO) squeezing is formulated via strong interactions in the microwave-intermediary-optical hybrid system, and based on which rigorous solutions for the dynamics of MO entanglement and quantum steering are derived analytically. Remarkably, it is found that stable MO quantum resources can survive in the unsteady evolution beyond the steady one, and the unsteady evolution can exhibit the enhanced quality over the limit of quantum resources in the steady-state case. Furthermore, the stable MO entanglement as well as one-way and two-way quantum steerings are efficiently controllable by modulating the effective coupling strength. The validity of our theory is demonstrated by applying it to the typical models of electro-optomechanical and cavity optomagnomechanical hybrid systems.