Properties of Bose-Einstein condensates with altermagnetism

TL;DR

This paper studies how altermagnetism affects the properties of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing anisotropic excitations and responses that could be observed in ultracold-atom experiments.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of altermagnetism into Bose-Einstein condensates and analyzes its effects on quasiparticle spectra and response functions using Bogoliubov theory.

Findings

Altermagnetic order induces angular dependence in low-energy excitations.

Anisotropic components appear in sound velocity and response functions.

The Lee--Huang--Yang correction is evaluated for the altermagnetic phase.

Abstract

We investigate a weakly interacting two-component Bose--Einstein condensate in the miscible regime in the presence of \emph{altermagnetism}, i.e., a collinear and globally compensated magnetic order that breaks spin-rotation symmetry while maintaining zero net magnetization. Within Bogoliubov theory, we derive the quasiparticle spectrum and coherence factors and show that altermagnetic order generically induces an angular dependence of the low-energy excitations. As a result, the sound velocity, momentum-resolved magnetization in the quantum depletion, and density--spin response functions acquire anisotropic components. We show that these anisotropic contributions vanish after angular averaging, consistent with the defining feature of altermagnetism: nontrivial local spin polarization without a global magnetization. Finally, we evaluate the Lee--Huang--Yang correction to the ground-state energy in the altermagnetic phase. Our results should be testable with ultracold-atom experiments in the foreseeable future.