Topology and higher-order global synchronization on directed and hollow simplicial and cell complexes

TL;DR

This paper investigates how higher-order topological synchronization occurs in directed and hollow simplicial and cell complexes, revealing conditions for its existence and stability based on their algebraic topology properties.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of global topological synchronization in generalized higher-order complexes, including directed and hollow structures, expanding understanding beyond undirected, unweighted cases.

Findings

Directed complexes always admit GTS regardless of topology.

GTS in directed complexes cannot be asymptotically stable.

Hollow complexes require specific topological conditions for GTS, which can enhance its existence and stability.

Abstract

Higher-order networks encode the many-body interactions of complex systems ranging from the brain to biological transportation networks. Simplicial and cell complexes are ideal higher-order network representations for investigating higher-order topological dynamics where dynamical variables are not only associated with nodes, but also with edges, triangles, and higher-order simplices and cells. Global Topological Synchronization (GTS) refers to the dynamical state in which identical oscillators associated with higher-dimensional simplices and cells oscillate in unison. On standard unweighted and undirected complexes this dynamical state can be achieved only under strict topological and combinatorial conditions on the underlying discrete support. In this work we consider generalized higher-order network representations including directed and hollow complexes. Based on an in depth investigation of their topology defined by their associated algebraic topology operators and Betti numbers, we determine under which conditions GTS can be observed. We show that directed complexes always admit a global topological synchronization state independently of their topology and structure. However, we demonstrate that for directed complexes this dynamical state cannot be asymptotically stable. While hollow complexes require more stringent topological conditions to sustain global topological synchronization, these topologies can favor both the existence and the stability of global topological synchronization with respect to undirected and unweighted complexes.